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Low Power Narrowband FM IF
. . . includes oscillator, mixer, limiting amplifier, AFC, quadrature discriminator, op/amp, squelch, scan control, and mute switch. The MC3359 is designed to detect narrowband FM signals using a 455 kHz ceramic filter for use in FM dual conversion communications equipment. The MC3359 is similar to the MC3357 except that the MC3359 has an additional limiting IF stage, an AFC output, and an opposite polarity Broadcast Detector. The MC3359 also requires fewer external parts. For low cost applications requiring VCC below 6.0 V, the MC3361BP,BD are recommended. For applications requiring a fixed, tuned, ceramic quadrature resonator, use the MC3357. For applications requiring dual conversion and RSSI, refer to these devices; MC3335, MC3362 and MC3363. * Low Drain Current: 3.6 mA (Typical) @ VCC = 6.0 Vdc
MC3359
HIGH GAIN LOW POWER FM IF
SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA
* * *
Excellent Sensitivity: Input Limiting Voltage - - 3.0 dB = 2.0 V (Typical) Low Number of External Parts Required For Low Voltage and RSSI, use the MC3371
P SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 707
DW SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 751D (SO-20L)
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device MC3359DW MC3359P TA = -30 to +70C Operating Temperature Range Package
Figure 2. Pin Connections and Functional Block Diagram
Mixer
SO-20L Plastic DIP
Crystal Osc.
2 Mixer Output VCC Limiter Input Decoupling
Oscillator
1
18
RF Input Gnd Audio Mute Scan Control Squelch Input Filter Output Filter Input Demod Output Recovered Audio
17
Broadcast Detector
3 1.8 k 4 Limiter 5 1.8 k
16
15
14
6 50 k 10 pF
52 k
13 + - 12
Decoupling
7
Figure 1. Simplified Application in a Scanner Receiver Figure 2.
VCC = 6.0 Vdc 10.245 MHz 68 pF 2 220 pF Ceramic Filter 3 16 Mute 17 51 k 0.1 F 51 10.7 MHz Input 1 18
Quadrature Input Demodulator Filter
8
Demodulator
11
9
10
CASE 707
VCC = 6.0 Vdc
NC
1 2 3 4
20 19 18 17
NC RF Input Gnd Audio Mute Scan Control Squelch Input Filter Output Filter Input Demod Output Recovered Audio
Crystal Osc. Mixer Output VCC
Squelch Sensitivity 1N4148
4 Type CFU 455 D
15
Scan Control
MC3359
5 14 Squelch Input + 120 k 6 13 Output Inverting Op Amp (Filter) Input 390 k 0.1 F 0.001 F 750 18 k .47 F 68 k 50 k
5 6 7 8 9 10
MC3359DW
16 15 14 13 12 11
0.1 F 0.1 F
Limiter Input Decoupling Decoupling
7 8
12
68 k Quad Coil
11
9
10
0.001 F Automatic Frequency Control Recovered Audio
Toko Type 7MC-8128Z
7.5 k 0.002 F 100 pF
0.01 F 10 k
Audio Volume
0.01 F Audio Out
Quadrature Input Demodulator Filter
CASE 751D
(c) Motorola, Inc. 1996 Rev 3
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
1
MC3359
MAXIMUM RATINGS (TA = 25C, unless otherwise noted)
Rating Power Supply Voltage Operating Supply Voltage Range Input Voltage (VCC Mute Function Junction Temperature Operating Ambient Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range Pin 4 4 18 16 - - - Symbol VCC(max) VCC V18 V16 TJ TA Tstg Value 12 6 to 9 1.0 - 0.7 to 12 150 - 30 to + 70 - 65 to + 150 Unit Vdc Vdc Vrms Vpk C C C
q 6.0 Volts)
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = 6.0 Vdc, fo = 10.7 MHz, f = 3.0 kHz, fmod = 1.0 kHz, 50 source, TA = 25C test circuit
of Figure 3, unless otherwise noted) Characteristics Drain Current (Pins 4 and 8) Input for 20 dB Quieting Input for - 3.0 dB Limiting Mixer Voltage Gain (Pin 18 to Pin 3, Open) Mixer Third Order Intercept, 50 Input Mixer Input Resistance Mixer Input Capacitance Recovered Audio, Pin 10 (Input Signal 1.0 mVrms) Detector Center Frequency Slope, Pin 10 AFC Center Slope, Pin 11, Unloaded Filter Gain (test circuit of Figure 3) Squelch Threshold, Through 10K to Pin 14 Scan Control Current, Pin 15 Mute Switch Impedance p Pin Pi 16 t Ground to G d Pin 14 - High g Pi 14 - L Pin Low Pin 14 - High g Pin Pi 14 - L Low Squelch Off Squelch On Min - - - - - - - - 450 - - 40 - - 20 2.0 - Typ 3.6 5.4 8.0 2.0 46 - 1.0 3.6 2.2 700 0.3 12 51 0.62 0.01 24 2.4 5.0 1.5 15 Max 6.0 7.0 - - - - - - - - - - - 1.0 - 10 - dBm k pF mVrms V/kHz V/kHz dB Vdc A A mA M Units mA Vrms Vrms
Figure 3. Test Circuit
VCC 10.245 MHz 1 68 pF 2 Ceramic Filter muRata CFU455D or Kyocera KBF455P-20A 220 pF 2.4 k 3 16 + 4 15 I Audio Gen. 0.7 Vp-p 17 18 51 0.1 F Input 10.7 MHz
5
14 10 k
Squelch Input
6 0.1 F 0.1 F 7 68 k 8 Lp = 1.0 mH Cp = 120 pF Rp = 100 k
13 1.0 M 12 1.0 F 11 1.0 k
Op Amp Output
Op Amp Input
AFC Output
9 100 pF
10 7.5 k 0.002 F
Audio Output
2
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC3359
Figure 4. Mixer Voltage Gain
400 200 OUTPUT, 1.8 K [mVrms] 100 60 40 20 10 6.0 4.0 0.04 0.1 1.0 INPUT, 50 (mVrms) 10 40 Input po = 10.7 MHz Output p0 = 455 kHz Output taken at Pin 3 with filter removed (open) VCC = 9.0 V RELATIVE OUTPUT [dB] INPUT LEVEL, 50 [dBm] 0 - 10 VCC = 6.0 V - 20 - 30 - 40 - 50 IF Input for - 3 dB LImiting - 60 - 70 0.1 100 V 1.0 FREQUENCY [MHz] 10 100 IF Output Response Taken on a special prototype. Terminals not available on standard device.
Figure 5. Limiting IF Frequency Response
Figure 6. Mixer Third Order Intermodulation Performance
20 10 OUTPUT, 1.8 K [dBm] 0 - 10 - 20 - 30 - 40 - 50 3rd Order IM Products - 60 - 90 - 80 - 70 - 60 - 50 - 40 - 30 - 20 INPUT, 50 [dBm] - 10 0 10 Desired Products Output taken at Pin 3 with filter removed VCC = 6.0 Vdc 8.0 7.0 6.0 OUTPUT [Vdc] 5.0 4.0 3.0
Figure 7. Detector and AFC Responses
VCC = 6.0 Vdc AFC Output Pin 11
Detector Output Pin 10 2.0 1.0 0 - 10 - 8.0 - 6.0 - 4.0 - 2.0 0 2.0 4.0 RELATIVE FREQUENCY [kHz] 6.0 8.0 10
Figure 8. Relative Mixer Gain
10 0 RELATIVE GAIN [dB] - 10 - 20 - 30 - 40 - 50 - 60 0.1 1.0 10 FREQUENCY [MHz] 100 Derived using optimum L/C oscillator values and holding IF frequency at 455 kHz RELATIVE OUTPUT [dB] 10 0
Figure 9. Overall Gain, Noise, and AM Rejection
S+N - 10 - 20 - 30 - 40 - 50 - 60 0.001 0.01 1.0 0.1 INPUT [mVrms]
3 KHz FM
25C 75C VCC = 6.0 Vdc S + N (30% AM) N
10
100
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
3
MC3359
Figure 10. Output Components of Signal, Noise, and Distortion
10 0 RELATIVE OUTPUT [dB] - 10 - 20 - 30 - 40 N - 50 - 60 0.001 0.01 0.1 1.0 10 100 N+D S+N+D SUPPLY CURRENT (mAdc) 8.0 7.0
Figure 11. Audio Output and Total Current Drain versus Supply Voltage
0.8 0.7 AUDIO OUTPUT (Vrms) PHASE [degrees] Audio Output 0.6 0.5 ICC, Mute On ICC, Mute Off 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 0 9.0
f o = 10.7 MHz f m = 1 kHz f = kHz Test circuit of Figure 3.
"3.0
6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0 4.0
INPUT [mVrms]
VCC, SUPPLY VOLTAGE (Vdc)
Figure 12. L/C Oscillator, Temperature and Power Supply Sensitivity
5.8 VCC, SUPPLY VOLTAGE [Vdc] 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2
Figure 13. Op Amp Gain and Phase Response
10.706 10.704 10.702 FREQUENCY [MHz] 10.700 10.698 10.696 10.694 10.692 10.690 20
70
1.0 M 1.0 M 0.1 F 1.0 K 1.0 13 12
60 50 GAIN [dB] 40 30 20 10 30 40 50 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE [C] 60 70
DOTTED CURVES TAKEN WITH CIRCUIT VALUES OF FIGURE 3.
180 150 120 90 60 30
Phase
Gain
Vref
USE CIRCUIT ABOVE FOR OPEN LOOP GAIN AND PHASE (SOLID LINES)
VCC Temp
VCC = 6.0 Vdc 10 K 100 K FREQUENCY [Hz] 1.0 M
0 1.0 K
0 10 M
Figure 14. L/C Oscillator Recommended Component Values
1000 700 500 CAPACITANCE [pF] 300 200 100 70 50 30 20 10 5.0 7.0 10 20 30 50 OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY [MHz] 70 10 7.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 100 1.0 0.8 INDUCTANCE [ H] OUTPUT [Vrms]
Figure 15. The Op Amp as a Bandpass Filter
VCC L C5 C5 C4 L C4 1 2
0.001 F C1 Vin 0.17 Vrms R1 18 K
C1
R3 390 K 12 - + Vref
VCC 6.0 V 13 Vout
0.6 0.4 0.2 0
GIVEN fo = CENTER FREQUENCY A(fo) = GAIN AT CENTER FREQUENCY Q R3 p fo C1
+
0.001 F R2 750
R1
+ 2 R3 ) A(f
o
R2
+ 4Q R1 R3 R3 R1 *
2
1.0
2.0
5.0 10 20 FREQUENCY [kHz]
50
100
4
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
Figure 16.
Figure 16. Representative Schematic Diagram
3
12
13
14
4
Q77
10 k 5k 1 6 pF 15 k 2 20 k 6 pF 3.5 k 1.8 k
7k
7k
Q60 Q64
50 k
20 k
Q1 Q7 Q15 Q16
100 k
Q2 Q65 Q3 Q66 Q70 Q11 Q9 Q13 Q14 Q61
15 k
Q73 Q71
Q75
Q4
Q5
Q6
20 k
5k 50 k
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
18 3.6 k
15
Q8 Q10 Q12
Q63 Q67 Q68 Q69
Q71
5k
16
Q76
33 k
33 k
33 k
3.5 k
33 k
33 k
Q62
7k
50 k
2.5 k
750
50 k
MC3359
Oscillator - Mixer Limiting IF Amplifier Q17 Q22 Q37
Op Amp
Broadcast Detector Detector and AFC
1.6 k
1.6 k
1.6 k
1.6 k
100 k
1.6 k
1.6 k
Q45 Q18
100 k 10 k 10 k 10 k 10 k 10 k 10 k 10 k 10 k 10 k 10 k 10 k 10 k 10 pF
Q48 Q39 Q40 Q35 Q36 Q41 Q42
Q46
Q47 Q49 Q51 Q50
Q59
11
10
Q19
5
Q20 Q25 Q26 Q23
10 k 33 k
Q27 Q28
Q29 Q30
Q31 Q32
Q33
33 k
9
Q34
50 k 33 k 33 k 33 k 33 k 10 k
Q43
Q44
Q52
Q55 Q53 Q54
1.6 k 1.6 k 1.6 k
Q56 Q58
100 k 10 k 1.6 k 33 k 5k
7
1.8 k
Q24 Q57
Q21
17
6
5
MC3359
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION The MC3359 is a low-power FM IF circuit designed primarily for use in voice-communication scanning receivers. It is also finding a place in narrowband data links. In the typical application (Figure 1), the mixer-oscillator combination converts the input frequency (10.7 MHz) down to 455 kHz, where, after external bandpass filtering, most of the amplification is done. The audio is recovered using a conventional quadrature FM detector. The absence of an input signal is indicated by the presence of noise above the desired audio frequencies. This "noise band" is monitored by an active filter and a detector. A squelch-trigger circuit indicates the presence of noise (or a tone) by an output which can be used to control scanning. At the same time, an internal switch is operated which can be used to mute the audio. APPLICATIONS INFORMATION The oscillator is an internally biased Colpitts type with the collector, base, and emitter connections at Pin 4, 1 and 2, respectively. The crystal is used in fundamental mode, calibrated for parallel resonance at 32 pF load capacitance. In theory this means that the two capacitors in series should be 32 pF, but in fact much larger values do not significantly affect the oscillator frequency, and provide higher oscillator output. The oscillator can also be used in the conventional L/C Colpitts configuration without loss of mixer conversion gain. This oscillator is, of course, much more sensitive to voltage and temperature as shown in Figure 12. Guidelines for choosing L and C values are given in Figure 14. The mixer is doubly balanced to reduce spurious responses. The mixer measurements of Figure 4 and 6 were made using an external 50 source and the internal 1.8 k at Pin 3. Voltage gain curves at several VCC voltages are shown in Figure 4. The Third Order Intercept curves of Figure 6 are shown using the conventional dBm scales. Measured power gain (with the 50 input) is approximately 18 dB but the useful gain is much higher because the mixer input impedance is over 3 k. Most applications will use a 330 10.7 MHz crystal filter ahead of the mixer. For higher frequencies, the relative mixer gain is given in Figure 8. Following the mixer, a ceramic bandpass filter is recommended. The 455 kHz types come in bandwidths from 2 kHz to 15 kHz and have input and output impedances of 1.5 k to 2.0 k. For this reason, the Pin 5 input to the 6 stage limiting IF has an internal 1.8 k resistor. The IF has a 3 dB limiting sensitivity of approximately 100 V at Pin 5 and a useful frequency range of about 5 MHz as shown in Figure 5. The frequency limitation is due to the high resistance values in the IF, which were necessary to meet the low power requirement. The output of the limiter is internally connected to the quadrature detector, including the 10 pF quadrature capacitor. Only a parallel L/C is needed externally from Pin 8 to VCC. A shunt resistance can be added to widen the peak separation of the quadrature detector. The detector output is amplified and buffered to the audio output, Pin 10, which has an output impedance of approximately 300 . Pin 9 provides a high impedance (50 k) point in the output amplifier for application of a filter or de-emphasis capacitor. Pin 11 is the AFC output, with high gain and high output impedance (1 M). If not needed, it should be grounded, or it can be connected to Pin 9 to double the recovered audio. The detector and AFC responses are shown in Figure 7. Overall performance of the MC3359 from mixer input to audio output is shown in Figure 9 and 10. The MC3359 can also be operated in "single conversion" equipment; i.e., the mixer can be used as a 455 kHz amplifier. The oscillator is disabled by connecting Pin 1 to Pin 2. In this mode, the overall performance is identical to the 10.7 MHz results of Figure 9. A simple inverting op amp is provided with an output at Pin 13 providing dc bias (externally) to the input at Pin 12, which is referred internally to 2.0 V. A filter can be made with external impedance elements to discriminate between frequencies. With an external AM detector, the filtered audio signal can be checked for the presence of either noise above the normal audio, or a tone signal. The open loop response of this op amp is given in Figure13. Bandpass filter design information is provided in Figure 15. A low bias to Pin 14 sets up the squelch-trigger circuit so that Pin 15 is high, a source of at least 2.0 mA, and the audio mute (Pin 16) is open-circuit. If Pin 14 is raised to 0.7 V by the noise or tone detector, Pin 15 becomes open circuit and Pin 16 is internally short circuited to ground. There is no hysteresis. Audio muting is accomplished by connecting Pin 16 to a high-impedance ground-reference point in the audio path between Pin 10 and the audio amplifier. No dc voltage is needed, in fact it is not desirable because audio "thump" would result during the muting function. Signal swing greater than 0.7 V below ground on Pin 16 should be avoided.
6
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC3359
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
P SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 707-02 ISSUE C
NOTES: 1. POSITIONAL TOLERANCE OF LEADS (D), SHALL BE WITHIN 0.25 (0.010) AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION, IN RELATION TO SEATING PLANE AND EACH OTHER. 2. DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEADS WHEN FORMED PARALLEL. 3. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 22.22 23.24 6.10 6.60 3.56 4.57 0.36 0.56 1.27 1.78 2.54 BSC 1.02 1.52 0.20 0.30 2.92 3.43 7.62 BSC 0_ 15_ 0.51 1.02 INCHES MIN MAX 0.875 0.915 0.240 0.260 0.140 0.180 0.014 0.022 0.050 0.070 0.100 BSC 0.040 0.060 0.008 0.012 0.115 0.135 0.300 BSC 0_ 15 _ 0.020 0.040
18 1
10
B
9
A C L
DIM A B C D F G H J K L M N
N F H G D
SEATING PLANE
K M J
-A-
20 11
DW SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 751D-04 (SO-20L) ISSUE E
-B-
1 10
10X
P 0.010 (0.25)
M
B
M
NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER. 3. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. 4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.150 (0.006) PER SIDE. 5. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.13 (0.005) TOTAL IN EXCESS OF D DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION. DIM A B C D F G J K M P R MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 12.65 12.95 7.40 7.60 2.35 2.65 0.35 0.49 0.50 0.90 1.27 BSC 0.25 0.32 0.10 0.25 0_ 7_ 10.05 10.55 0.25 0.75 INCHES MIN MAX 0.499 0.510 0.292 0.299 0.093 0.104 0.014 0.019 0.020 0.035 0.050 BSC 0.010 0.012 0.004 0.009 0_ 7_ 0.395 0.415 0.010 0.029
20X
D
M
0.010 (0.25)
TA
S
B
J
S
F R C -T-
18X SEATING PLANE X 45 _
G
K
M
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
7
MC3359
Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. "Typical" parameters which may be provided in Motorola data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including "Typicals" must be validated for each customer application by customer's technical experts. Motorola does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that Motorola was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. Motorola and are registered trademarks of Motorola, Inc. Motorola, Inc. is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. How to reach us: USA / EUROPE / Locations Not Listed: Motorola Literature Distribution; P.O. Box 20912; Phoenix, Arizona 85036. 1-800-441-2447 or 602-303-5454 MFAX: RMFAX0@email.sps.mot.com - TOUCHTONE 602-244-6609 INTERNET: http://Design-NET.com
JAPAN: Nippon Motorola Ltd.; Tatsumi-SPD-JLDC, 6F Seibu-Butsuryu-Center, 3-14-2 Tatsumi Koto-Ku, Tokyo 135, Japan. 03-81-3521-8315 ASIA/PACIFIC: Motorola Semiconductors H.K. Ltd.; 8B Tai Ping Industrial Park, 51 Ting Kok Road, Tai Po, N.T., Hong Kong. 852-26629298
8
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA MC3359/D
*MC3359/D*

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